Tree Dispute Solutions for Neighbours in New South Wales

Conflicts regarding trees between neighbours are more common than many people understand, frequently leading to unnecessary tension that could be easily avoided. As experienced arborists, we often receive queries from both parties involved in these disagreements. In many cases, these disputes could be resolved more swiftly through the provision of accurate information and a straightforward discussion. This comprehensive guide provides essential insights into effectively managing tree disputes in New South Wales (NSW), including proactive measures to undertake before the situation escalates.

Crucial Factors to Contemplate When Managing Tree Disputes

The details included in this article are general in nature and should not be interpreted as legal advice. Each tree dispute is unique and involves specific facts and circumstances. If you find yourself in a serious disagreement, it is important to consult a qualified solicitor before proceeding further.

Explore the Legal Framework for Tree Disputes in NSW

In NSW, the Trees (Disputes Between Neighbours) Act 2006 (NSW) establishes the legal framework for resolving conflicts related to trees. This legislation empowers the Land and Environment Court (LEC) to mandate specific actions concerning a tree, which may include pruning, removal, or ongoing management, especially when a tree on a neighbouring property:

• Is causing damage to your property
• Could potentially lead to injury for an individual
• Significantly obstructs sunlight or your view
• Interferes with solar panels installed on your property

It is essential to grasp several crucial points before taking further action:

• This Act applies exclusively to private land. Trees located on council land, street trees, and those in parks are governed by separate regulations set by your local council.
• The Act only applies to trees located on adjoining properties and does not cover trees that are not in close proximity.
• The Land and Environment Court should be viewed as a last resort, not the first step. The following guidance aims to assist you in resolving disputes before reaching this point.

What Actions Can You Take Without Neighbour Approval?

Before entering the realm of legal frameworks, you can exercise your common law rights to:

• Trim branches and roots that extend onto your property, returning them to the boundary line
• You do not require your neighbour’s permission to perform this action
• You must return the cut materials to the tree owner — it is prohibited to discard them on their side of the fence
• You cannot enter your neighbour’s property without their explicit consent
• You must avoid causing unnecessary damage to the tree during this process

Important Check Before You Proceed: Certain trees in Newcastle and the Hunter Region may be protected by local council Tree Preservation Orders or may be classified as heritage listed. A protected tree retains its status even if branches extend over your property line. Always check your council’s tree permit register before undertaking any cuts — failing to do so could result in penalties.

Implement This Detailed Process to Resolve Tree Disputes

Step 1: Gather Comprehensive Evidence Before Taking Action

Prior to approaching your neighbour or contacting any other parties, it is vital to compile a thorough file of evidence:

• Take photographs with timestamps and ensure that location data is enabled
• Record the dates of any discussions regarding the tree
• Document any damage incurred, such as cracked pathways, plumbing issues, roof damage, or diminished solar output
• If your solar panels are affected, gather generation data to demonstrate the decline in output, providing compelling measurable evidence.

Step 2: Start a Dialogue with Your Neighbour

This may seem straightforward, yet it is often the step that many neglect — and it resolves the majority of disputes. Many neighbours may not be aware that their tree is causing issues.

If a face-to-face conversation feels uncomfortable, consider drafting a letter instead. Maintain a factual and calm tone while clearly outlining the issue, specifying your requests, and providing a reasonable timeframe for a response. Always retain a copy of all correspondence for your records.

Step 3: Acquire an Independent Arborist Evaluation

This step often proves to be the most effective action throughout the entire process — and it should occur before any legal measures are taken, prior to council involvement, and ideally before mediation occurs.

Here’s how an independent arborist assessment can be beneficial:

• Offers an objective evaluation of the tree’s condition and risk level — based on factual evidence rather than subjective opinions
• Provides both parties with the same information to work from, often facilitating a quicker resolution
• Creates a written record indicating that a risk was identified and communicated — this is crucial for liability if the tree later causes damage
• Identifies necessary actions required — complete removal is frequently not necessary
• Holds significant weight in any subsequent LEC application

Waratah Professional Tree Care offers onsite arborist consultations starting from $110 for assessments involving up to three trees across Newcastle, Lake Macquarie, Maitland, and Port Stephens.
For inquiries, contact Steven Brown at 0414 706 653.

Please note: For formal arborist reports required for LEC proceedings, you will need a report from an AQF Level 5 Consulting Arborist.
We can assist in directing you to the appropriate resources during your consultation.

Step 4: Involve Your Local Council When Necessary

Before proceeding with further action, contact your local council if:

• The tree may be protected by a Tree Preservation Order
• The tree is located on council land or a street verge — never attempt to prune or remove a council tree yourself
• The tree is heritage listed
• The tree poses an immediate danger — councils are obligated to respond to emergencies involving trees on public land

Contact Numbers for Councils in the Hunter Region:

• City of Newcastle: 02 4974 2000
• Lake Macquarie City Council: 02 4921 0333
• Maitland City Council: 02 4934 9700
• Port Stephens Council: 02 4980 0255
• Cessnock Council: 02 4993 4100

Step 5: Consider Free Mediation Options Before Escalation

Before contemplating court action, consider utilising NSW Fair Trading’s Community Justice Centres. This complimentary mediation service is available to all residents of NSW.

• There are no associated costs for this service
• Legal representation is not required
• This process is considerably quicker than court proceedings
• A trained mediator assists both parties in reaching a voluntary agreement
• Agreements reached during mediation can be made binding if both parties consent

This step alone resolves a significant number of disputes that reach this stage. It is always prudent to attempt mediation before incurring legal expenses.

To learn more or to apply: visit the NSW Fair Trading website or call 13 32 20.

Step 6: Navigating the Process in the Land and Environment Court

If you have exhausted all previous steps, the LEC serves as the formal legal pathway under the Trees Act.

Is legal representation necessary? Not necessarily. The LEC Class 2 jurisdiction is designed to be accessible for individuals without legal representation, and many applicants successfully represent themselves. However, if your situation involves extensive property damage, personal injury claims, or complex heritage issues, it is wise to seek legal advice prior to filing.

Possible Court Orders May Include:

• Pruning or ongoing management of the tree
• Complete removal
• Compensation for any damage incurred
• A deadline by which the tree owner must carry out necessary works

Factors Considered by the Court:

• The nature and severity of the issue
• Whether reasonable steps were taken to resolve the matter beforehand — this is why Steps 1 to 5 are crucial
• The value of the tree to its owner and the surrounding community
• Whether the tree is protected, heritage listed, or holds ecological significance
• For solar panels: documented evidence demonstrating reduced energy generation

Filing fees may apply. Please check the NSW Land and Environment Court website for current fees before submitting your application.

Solar Panels: Your Position May Be Stronger Than You Realise

If a neighbouring tree obstructs your solar panels, your standing under the Trees Act is indeed more robust than a general claim regarding sunlight or view. The Act specifically addresses interference with solar panels on residential properties, and the courts have demonstrated a willingness to mandate actions where measurable generation loss can be substantiated.

The types of evidence that are most beneficial include:

• Solar generation data demonstrating output levels before and after the obstruction occurred
• A report from your solar installer confirming that the obstruction is the cause of the issue
• An arborist assessment identifying the specific growth responsible for the obstruction

We recommend consulting with a solicitor to review the current state of case law regarding disputes involving solar panels prior to filing — this area continues to evolve through decisions made by the LEC.

Addressing Hazardous Trees: When Urgent Action is Required

If you suspect that a neighbour’s tree presents a genuine risk of falling and causing injury or significant damage, do not hesitate to take action. Follow these steps promptly:

• Document the tree immediately by taking photographs — capture everything visible
• Send a written notification to your neighbour clearly outlining the perceived risk. This ensures there is a record that they have been informed.
• Contact your council’s compliance team — councils have the authority to issue orders for privately owned trees in certain circumstances where public safety is at risk
• If you believe the risk is imminent, reach out to NSW Police or your council’s emergency contact line

A written arborist assessment that clearly establishes the risk, delivered to your neighbour, is often sufficient to prompt action without necessitating formal proceedings.

Navigating Tree Disputes Involving Rental Properties

Disputes concerning trees can become more complicated when a rental property is involved. Here’s how each situation typically unfolds.

What Should You Do When the Tree is on the Rental Property and Your Neighbour Raises Concerns?

If a neighbour expresses concerns about a tree located on your rental property — the protocol is clear:

You do not possess the authority to make decisions regarding trees on a property you rent. That responsibility lies with the landlord.

• Avoid making agreements, promises, or organising any work on the tree
• Calmly inform your neighbour that you are a tenant and do not have the authority to manage tree-related issues
• Promptly report the complaint to your property manager in writing — using email is ideal as it creates a dated record
• Include your neighbour’s contact details, the nature of the complaint, and any relevant photographs
• Follow up if you do not receive a timely response — particularly if safety concerns are involved

You are not liable for the tree. However, if you are aware of a complaint or safety risk and do not report it, your position may become precarious. Promptly reporting it in writing fulfills your obligation.

What Should You Do When the Problematic Tree is on a Neighbouring Rental Property?

Do not waste time discussing the matter with the tenant next door; they lack the authority to address tree issues.

• Identify the property manager and contact them in writing, including photographs and a description of the issue
• If you cannot locate the property manager, a title search through the NSW Land Registry will provide you with the landlord’s contact details for direct communication
• Property managers are required to promptly relay safety and damage complaints to the landlord. Follow up in writing if you do not receive a timely response and keep a record of every attempt
• If neither the property manager nor the landlord responds to documented safety concerns, escalate the matter to NSW Fair Trading mediation or the Land and Environment Court
• The LEC does not view kindly upon landlords who have been notified in writing of a known risk and failed to act. Your documented attempts at contact become crucial evidence.

What Responsibilities Do You Have as the Landlord?

As the landlord, you are responsible for managing the trees on your investment property, rather than your tenant or property manager.

• If your property manager has notified you of a tree complaint or safety issue and you neglect to act, you expose yourself to liability
• Commission an arborist assessment as soon as a risk is raised — this establishes the facts objectively and demonstrates your commitment to addressing the issue
• Do not solely rely on your property manager’s assessment regarding tree safety. Seek an independent arborist opinion.

Common Inquiries Pertaining to Tree Disputes

Q: Who is liable for damages caused by my neighbour’s tree to my fence?

A: This hinges on whether negligence can be demonstrated. If your neighbour was aware of the risk and failed to take action, they may be held accountable. Conversely, if the failure was unforeseen, typically, each party bears their own costs. A written arborist assessment establishing that the risk was known and communicated serves as vital evidence in any negligence claim.

Q: Is legal representation necessary to pursue a tree dispute in the Land and Environment Court?

A: No — the LEC Class 2 jurisdiction is designed to be accessible for individuals without legal representation, and many individuals successfully represent themselves. However, for cases involving significant damage, injury, or complex heritage issues, seeking legal advice before filing is advisable.

Q: Can my neighbour prevent me from trimming branches that extend over my property line?

A: No — your common law right to trim back to the boundary is well established. However, you must avoid causing unnecessary damage to the tree, cannot access their property without permission, and should verify if the tree is protected under a local Tree Preservation Order before proceeding with any cuts.

Q: Are roots damaging my pipes or foundations covered under the Trees Act?

A: Yes. Damage caused by roots to underground pipes, foundations, and structures falls within the scope of the Act. Obtain a report from a plumber or builder confirming the roots as the cause, along with an arborist assessment — together, these documents create a strong case.

Q: What steps should I take if my neighbour ignores my written notification about a dangerous tree?

A: Their lack of action after receiving your written notification significantly strengthens your position — both for an LEC application and for any future negligence claim if the tree causes damage or injury. Keep all correspondence and escalate to NSW Fair Trading mediation or the LEC if they remain unresponsive.

Reach Out to Our Experienced Arborists for Expert Guidance Today

Are you facing a dispute with a neighbour regarding a tree?
Obtaining an independent arborist assessment is often the most effective first step; it provides both parties with objective information and establishes a written record of any identified risks.
Waratah Professional Tree Care offers onsite consultations starting at $110 for assessments of up to three trees in Newcastle, Lake Macquarie, Maitland, and Port Stephens.
Feel free to contact us at 0414 706 653 or book an appointment online.